http://www.bagchiblog.blogspot.com
Ajit
Doval, National Security Advisor, recently repeated what Clement Atlee, Prime
Minister of Great Britain at the time of India’s Independence had revealed
during his visit to India in 1956. Earl Atlee had told the then acting Governor
of Bengal that the British departure from the country was hastened by the
activities of the INA and the nationalist fervor it injected into the armed
forces. Doval’s revelation was taken as an attempt at appropriation of Netaji
and his legacy for the BJP.
It
seems, Clement Atlee who was Prime Minister of Great Britain when India became
independent came on a visit to Kolkata in 1956 and stayed there for two days as
guest of Governor West Bengal. The (acting) Governor at that time was Phani
Bhushan Chakravarti, the first Indian Chief Justice of Bengal. He had a lengthy
conversation with Atlee during which he happened to have asked the latter what
the reason was for the uncalled-for haste for the British exit from India,
particularly when there was no compelling reason for them to leave in such
haste. There was no anti-British movement and the last one, the Quit India
Movement, had petered out. That is when Atlee told him there were numerous
reasons, but the most important one was Netaji’s activities, the INA and its
fight against the British besides the nationalism that it evoked in the British
Indian armed forces. Atlee had in mind the naval mutiny of Karachi and Bombay,
the army rebellion of Jabalpur and stray rebellious incidents in the Royal
Indian Air Force. His contention was that with the erosion of the loyalty of
the Indian armed forces for the British Crown, it was felt, it would be
difficult to keep the country within the Empire.
Asked
whether the non-violent resistance led by Mahatma Gandhi had anything to do
with the hasty withdrawal of British from the country Atlee replied, pronouncing
each syllable separately with a disdainful smile, “minimal”. If one goes by
what Atlee is reported to have told the then acting Governor of Bengal it was
in no way the Indian National Congress’s non-violent resistance led by Mahatma
Gandhi that forced the British to withdraw from India.
Ever
since independence the Congress has cornered all the glory magnifying its role
in the freedom movement to the exclusion of all others, including that of
Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose. Its claim of winning freedom for the country by
means that were non-violent in nature was a fraud that was spun and perpetrated
by the leaders of the Congress. As it turns out with the statement of Atlee, it
was Bose’s daring efforts to throw out the British by combining with the Axis
Powers, though held controversial by many, proved to be the nemesis for British
imperialism. Not only was India freed of the British yoke, India’s independence
resulted in freedom of many small and big nations right around the world. The
sun, which had stopped setting over the British Empire a century or so ago,
started setting over it again. The seed for this was sown by Netaji and his
Indian National Army. The INA became idol for the men in the British Indian
forces who were very unhappy on account of the post-War INA Trials at the Red
Fort. The rebellions in the British Indian forces were because of their
discomfiture as they were always told that they could win wars only when led by
the British. In the INA they were led by their own countrymen acquitting
themselves very creditably.
The
leaders of the Congress were always antipathetic towards Subhash Chandra Bose
even though he was popular among the Party’s rank and file. While Bose wanted
firmer actions against the ruling British his opponents in the Congress
believed in compromises. In fact, when he found that his efforts were being
stymied by his opponents he escaped from confinement and went to Germany to
meet Hitler to seek help for India’s independence. INA followed as a corollary
and that seems to have worked against the British.
Even
in his death controversy did not leave Netaji alone. There were quite a few
theories about his disappearance after he left Saigon for Tokyo. Many believed
that he wanted to go into the custody of Russians after the surrender of Japan
and had therefore proceeded to Manchuria which was close to being annexed by
Russia from Japan. Many considered the ashes kept at Renkoji temple as fake.
Even
in India a large section of people believed that there was no plane crash and
that Netaji had come back to India to live incognito as a saint. First it was a
saint of Shoulmari who was considered by many as Netaji. Later, another saint
living in Faizabad, UP, was widely believed to be Netaji. Intermittently
reports would appear of his close connections with members of the Bose family
who, along with some of his friends, were reported to have visited him. After
his death in 1985 a large number of documents, including photographs of the
Bose family, were recovered from the aashram of the Baba who used to be called
Gumnami. Various items of personal effects, like his silver rimmed spectacles
and a gold Rolex wrist watch were also found in his ashram after the Baba’s
death. Recently, a report appeared in the newspapers indicating that American
handwriting experts have certified that the handwriting of Bose and the Baba
had very strong similarities. Other physical features of the two also happened
to tally.
In
view of Atlee’s statement on the British withdrawal many historians have said
that the time has now come to re-appraise the role of Subhash Bose in the
freedom struggle. Hitherto, written history has extolled only the roles of Mahatma
Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru. That is from where Rahul Gandhi got his wrong
notions about the Congress winning freedom for the country. But as many feel, the
roles of leaders like Netaji in the fight for freedom need to be re-assessed particularly
when they had been moved to and kept in the margins all these years by the
hegemon that was the Indian National Congress.
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